Guidelines for Contributors to The Entomological Society of New Zealand publications

Notice to Contributors

The Entomological Society of NZ produces 3 publications:

The New Zealand Entomologist
The Weta
The Bulletin of the New Zealand Entomological Society

The New Zealand Entomologist is the flagship journal of the Entomological Society of New Zealand and publishes scholarly, original, peer-reviewed articles in a single volume per year. The New Zealand Entomologist includes studies of the biology, ecology, taxonomy and control of insects and arachnids in an Australasian setting. The studies may be descriptive and/or experimental, but should include rigorous experimental design and appropriate quantitative analysis of data. An article may be accepted as a full paper or a short communication, the latter being a concise, but complete description of a limited investigation that will not be included in a later paper. Reviews of research and theory may be submitted or invited, and appropriate book reviews and obituaries may also be included. All submissions are peer reviewed by national and/or international referees. The Science Editor and Editorial Board decide the content of each issue. Manuscripts that are rejected because of insufficient scope, limited data, or speculative conclusions due to the preliminary nature of the report, may subsequently be considered for publication in The Weta.

The Weta provides a less formal opportunity for both amateur and professional entomologists to present preliminary investigations, insect records of some significance, and general comments of an entomological or news interest to society members. Articles are copy edited by the editor but not, in general, peer reviewed.

The Bulletin of the New Zealand Entomological Society is an occasional monograph. Previous Bulletins have historically addressed a single subject of interest to a diverse range of entomologists. There are currently no well-defined guidelines for The Bulletin, many of which have resulted from unsolicited ideas or manuscripts that do not ‘fit’ The New Zealand Entomologist or The Weta. Authors with proposals or potential contributions should discuss them with the Editor before submitting manuscripts. The decision on whether to proceed with preparation and publication of a new Bulletin is made by the Executive Committee of the New Zealand Entomological Society.

Content guidelines to Journals:

To be posted shortly.

Submission of Manuscripts
Original papers must report the results of original research.

Manuscripts must not present work which has been published, accepted for publication or is currently under consideration for publication elsewhere. Submission of a jointly authored manuscript must be approved by all authors.

Contributors should submit three copies of the manuscript, each including all tables and labelled figures, to NZ Entomologist - Scientific Editor, Mr John Charles, HortResearch, Private Bag 92 169, Mt Albert, Auckland, New Zealand

All manuscripts are reviewed by two specialist referees and, at the discretion of the Scientific Editor, by a member of the Editorial Board before acceptance. Manuscripts considered unsuitable for publication will be returned to authors who may resubmit after amendment. If a reviewed manuscript, which is returned to the author for revision, is not sent back to the Scientific Editor within one year, it will be considered to have been withdrawn.

The Editors reserve the right to modify manuscripts to eliminate ambiguity and repetition, and to improve communication between author and reader.

Style of Manuscripts
Manuscripts should be written in clear, concise and grammatically correct English so that they are intelligible to the professional reader who is not a specialist in any particular field. Manuscripts that do not conform to these requirements and the following manuscript format may be returned to the author prior to review for correction. The entire manuscript, including references, should be typed double-spaced on one side of the paper, with margins of at least 30 mm. All pages should be numbered consecutively in the top right-hand corner. The manuscript should be presented in the following order:

Title page
This should contain the title of the contribution, and the name(s) and address(es) of the author(s). The full postal address, telephone and facsimile numbers (and Internet email address if available) of the author who will receive correspondence and check the proofs should be included, as well as the present address of any author if different from that where the work was carried out. The main title should, where possible, contain the major key words used in the body of the manuscript; the title should contain the scientific name and authorities of the insect with the order and family placed in parentheses. A short running title (less than 40 characters including spaces) should also be provided.

Abstract
All manuscripts must include a brief but informative Abstract, intelligible without reference to the main text. It should not exceed 300 words and should describe the scope of the work and the main findings. Both common and scientific names should be included; the authorities are not given if they appear in the title. References to the literature should not be included.

Key words
Key words (3-5) should be provided below the Abstract to assist with indexing of the article. These should not duplicate key words from the title.

Introduction
This section include sufficient background information to set the work in context. The aims of the manuscript should be clearly stated. The introduction should not contain either findings or conclusions.

Materials and Methods
This should be concise but provide sufficient detail to allow the work to be repeated by others.

Results
Results should be presented in a logical sequence in the text, tables and figures; repetitive presentation of the same data in different forms should be avoided. The results should not contain material appropriate to the Discussion.

Discussion
This should consider the results in relation to any hypotheses advanced in the Introduction and place the study in the context of other work. Only in exceptional cases should the Results and Discussion sections be combined.

Acknowledgements
Financial and technical assistance may be acknowledged here, including permission to use illustrations. It is the authors' responsibility to obtain written permission to quote material or use illustrations that have appeared in another publication. Anonymous reviewers should not be acknowledged.

References
In the text, references should be made by giving the author's name with the year of publication in parentheses. If there are two authors within the text use 'and', but within parentheses use '&' to link authors' names. When reference is made to a work by three or more authors, the first name followed by et al. should be used on all occasions. If several manuscripts by the same author(s) and from the same year are cited, a, b, c, etc. should be put after the year of publication. References grouped within parentheses should be cited in chronological order.
List references in alphabetical then chronological order at the end of the manuscript in the following form:

Journal articles
Toft RJ, Beggs JR. 1995. Seasonality of crane flies (Diptera: Tipulidae) in South Island beech forest in relation to the abundance of Vespula wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). New Zealand Entomologist 18: 37-43.
Books
Clements AN. 1992. The Biology of Mosquitoes, Vol. 1. Development, Nutrition and Reproduction. Chapman & Hall, London.
Chapters in books
Bray RA. 1994. The leucaena psyllid. In: Forage Tree Legumes in Tropical Agriculture (eds RC Gutteridge & HM Shelton) pp. 283-291. CAB International, Oxford.
Titles of journals should be given in full and should conform, where possible, with the World list of scientific periodicals 1-3 (Butterworths, London, 1963-65). 'In press' can only be used to cite manuscripts actually accepted for publication in a journal. Citations such as 'manuscript in preparation' or 'manuscript submitted' are not permitted. Data from such manuscripts can only be mentioned in the text as 'unpublished data'.

Tables
Tables must be typed, each with caption above, on separate sheets at the end of the manuscript. They should be numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals with a descriptive title above the table. Column headings should be brief, with units of measurement in parentheses. Use superscript letters (not numbers) for footnotes and keep footnotes to a minimum. Vertical lines should not be used to separate columns. The approximate position of tables should be indicated in the margin of the manuscript.

Figures
Only scientifically necessary illustrations should be included. All illustrations (including photographs) are classified as figures and should be numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3 etc., not 1a, 1b, 1c etc) regardless of whether they are grouped or individual. Figures should be drawn or grouped so that they fit the column width (72mm) or the full text width (150mm) on reduction, allowing for captions beneath. Each figure should be labelled on the back indicating its number, name of author(s) and orientation of the figure.

Line drawings and graphs should be professionally drawn and lettered, using black ink on white paper. Allowance should be made for detail, lines and text becoming smaller and thinner on reduction, to a maximum of 50% of original size. These figures should be supplied as photographic prints, drawings or laser printed on smooth, clean, white paper. Indicate size by including a scale line with the figure; do not prepare for a specific reduction in size, or indicate size by stating magnification (e.g., 25X) in the figure captions.

Photographs should be provided as sharp, glossy, black and white prints mounted on stiff white paper and covered with a protective sheet. All three copies of the photographs should be of equal photographic quality. The full cost of reproducing colour photographs will be charged to the authors. When colour figures are preferred, submit original colour transparencies as well as three sets of colour prints.

Figure Legends
Legends should be self-explanatory and all should be collated and typed on a separate sheet. The legend should incorporate definitions of any symbols used. The approximate positions of figures should be indicated in the margin of the manuscript.

Abbreviations and Units
SI units (metre, kilogram etc.) should be used wherever possible. Statistics and measurements should always be given in figures; that is 10 mm, except where the number begins the sentence. When the number does not refer to a unit measurement, it is spelt out, except where the number is greater than nine. Use only standard abbreviations. The word 'Figure' should be shortened to Fig. (plural Figs) unless starting a sentence.

Scientific Names
The complete scientific name (genus, species and authority), and cultivar or strain where appropriate, should be given for every organism when first mentioned. The generic name may be abbreviated to an initial in subsequent references except at the start of sentences and where intervening references to other genera would cause confusion. Common names of organisms, if used, should conform with Handbook of New Zealand Insect Names (Entomological Society of New Zealand Bulletin 12, 1999). All names must conform with the Articles and Recommendations of the 1985 or subsequent editions of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.

* Before sending of your manuscript, please check that:
* Three copies (one original and two copies) are enclosed.
* The reference section is in the proper format.
* All references cited in the text and tables are included in the reference section.
* The pages are numbered.
* The level of each heading is hand-written in the margins.
* The preferred placement of tables and figures is hand-written in the margins.
* The full contact details, including email, for two possible referees who would be appropriate to review the manuscript are included.

(1) Do not insert a line space below headings, or between paragraphs.
(2) Use only one space after punctuation marks.
(3) Do not use a carriage return (enter) at the end of lines within a paragraph.
(4) Type the text unjustified and without end-of-line hyphenation, except in the case of compound words.
(5) Use italics where appropriate, not underlining.
(6) Use single quotation marks.
(7) Do not use the letter l (elle) for the number 1 (one) or the letter O (upper case o) for the number 0 (zero).
(8) Page numbers should not be included in the manuscript file; the pages should be hand numbered.
(9) Tables are difficult to set from disk and it is essential that an adequate hard copy is supplied. Prepare them by your word processor, not spreadsheet. Do not use the Table function of your word processor which places data into cells; rather, use the Tab key and use only one Tab (not spaces) to separate each column. Avoid all vertical rules. Append tables at the end of your document, one table per page, but indicate their approximate position on the hard copy of the text.
(10) If sending figures electronically, scan at 300dpi minimum resolution and send in TIF format. Don't send graphs or charts as parts of word processor or spreadsheet files because they cannot be translated electronically during typesetting.
(11) Don't use capital letters for headings or subheadings except as initials i.e. Materials and Methods not MATERIALS AND METHODS.